منابع مشابه
Deep Discount Group Pass Programs: Innovative Transit Finance
For public transit operators in the U.S., neither fare increases nor fare reductions have been successful in boosting revenues. A different kind of strategy is needed, one that can produce more revenue for transit operators than it costs. This article argues that deep discount group pass (DDGP) programs can accomplish this goal. DDGP programs provide groups of people with unlimited-ride transit...
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Using deep neural nets as function approximator for reinforcement learning tasks have recently been shown to be very powerful for solving problems approaching real-world complexity such as [1]. Using these results as a benchmark, we discuss the role that the discount factor may play in the quality of the learning process of a deep Q-network (DQN). When the discount factor progressively increase...
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T h e m e m b e r s of t h e S t u d e n t Ass o c i a t i o n , d e c k e d out in "BRO-wear," g a t h e r e d in t h e Farnsworth Pav i l ion Sept . 6 for s m o o t h i e s , b a c k s l a p s a n d s o m e t h i n g m o r e ser ious : d i s c u s s i o n of t h e S t u d e n t A d m i n i s t r a t i o n Relat i o n s R e s o l u t i o n . This r e s o l u t i o n w a s i n t r o d u c e d a...
متن کاملThe Social Discount Rate
What discount rate should be applied to social investments? It is standard to use the market interest rate, thereby respecting private preferences. We show that application of this “revealed preference” criterion rests on faith, not logic. It is justified only if preferences over all choices, including past choices, are time invariant. The conditions for this to be true are stringent. Under mor...
متن کاملThe Liquidity Discount
Modern finance theory is based on the competitive market paradigm (see Duffie 1992, Jarrow and Turnbull 1996). The competitive market paradigm has two implicit assumptions. The first is that security markets are perfectly elastic—that is, traders act as price takers. Price takers believe that they can buy and sell as many shares of a security as they wish without changing the price. The second ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2012
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.337.6090.14-b